Eight things your pet wishes you knew

Editor’s note: The following is an edited version of an article originally published by Alumni Engagement in September 2024.

Whether it’s a beloved 160-pound St. Bernadoodle named Indiana Bones, or a polydactyl kitten named Tito, our pets quickly become valued members of our families. 

However, understanding their health needs can be challenging. While pets and humans have many similarities, diagnosing issues can be difficult without the ability to communicate directly, à la Dr. Dolittle. 

Dr. Katherine Sparkman, an early alum of the University of Calgary Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UCVM), is dedicated to deciphering these messages. Sparkman, DVM’12, says her affinity for animals began in her Nova Scotia childhood, growing up surrounded by family pets such as hunting dogs, cats and even a snake. 

This early exposure taught her to see a variety of animal behaviours first-hand and learn how animals should be properly cared for. 

Her initial interest in animals evolved into a commitment to ecology and eventually led her to veterinary medicine, culminating in her decision to attend UCVM. 

A holistic approach to veterinary care

Sparkman’s educational journey not only prepared her academically, it also deepened her understanding of the pivotal role pets play in their owners' lives.

"It isn’t just about the pet’s physical wellness. It’s about their emotional and mental well-being, too," she explains. "That’s why we focus on the whole picture — everything from diet and exercise to creating a stimulating environment that promotes happiness for pets." 

Her collaborative approach with pet owners ensures a comprehensive care model, blending medical expertise with the intimate knowledge owners have of their pets.  

Sparkman's insights underscore a vital aspect of pet care: understanding what our pets are trying to communicate. Despite our best efforts, there are still many things pets likely wish their owners knew — subtle signs and behaviours that could significantly improve their quality of life.  

1. Prioritize preventive care and pay attention 

"One of the most important things you can do as a pet owner is to stay on top of routine check-ups,” says Sparkman. “Pets can’t tell us when they’re in pain or feeling unwell, so regular veterinary visits allow us to catch any potential health problems before they become serious." 

Sparkman encourages pet owners to actively participate in maintaining their health. 

“Generally speaking, pet owners know their animals better than I ever could because they live with them every day,” Sparkman says. “As a veterinarian, I might notice gradual changes like weight loss or fur loss, but owners are much quicker to detect shifts in their pets' patterns or behaviour than I would be."

2. Help your pet have a stress-free vet visit 

For first-time visits to a vet, Sparkman recommends requesting a preliminary meet-and-greet at the clinic.  

"You can always call ahead to ask if your pet can come in to simply get acquainted with the clinic," she suggests. During this visit, there are no physical exams, vaccines or treatments — just an opportunity for your pet to explore the environment in a stress-free manner. They receive attention and treats which help associate the clinic with positive experiences. However, Sparkman cautions this approach might not be suitable for all pets, such as those who dislike travelling. "For these pets, a house call from a veterinarian might be a better option," she says.  

Either way, this strategy ensures the pet's first experience with veterinary care is pleasant, setting the stage for (hopefully) easier future appointments. 

3. Provide a balanced diet (and some treats!) 

"A balanced diet is the cornerstone of good health for pets,” says Sparkman. “Understanding your pet’s nutritional needs can help prevent diseases like obesity and joint issues." 

Sparkman advises pet owners to consult with their veterinarians to determine the best dietary plan. Don't overfeed them. Limit treats.  

This doesn’t mean denying treats altogether. She recommends treats make up no more than 10 per cent of a pet's diet. Consider non-food rewards, such as petting, brushing or verbal praise. For cats, a scratch under the chin can serve as a pleasant treat. 

4. Provide exercise and mental stimulation 

Ensuring your pet has ample opportunity for activity — both indoors and out — is essential to keeping them healthy and mentally sharp. 

"Just like humans, pets need physical and mental exercise to thrive," Sparkman explains. "Providing regular walks, playtime and even puzzle toys can keep your pet active and prevent boredom which often leads to behavioural issues." 

Sparkman says physical activity isn't the only way to stimulate pets; there are various non-physical activities that can also engage and entertain them effectively. For indoor pets that may not enjoy outdoor activities, she suggests alternative forms of stimulation such as playing with a favourite ball, carrying around a beloved stuffed toy, or exploring a climbing tree. She also recommends interactive games and puzzles available at pet stores. Even the simple act of brushing can be soothing and beneficial.

5. Exercise caution with alternative therapies found on social media  

Sparkman recognizes the value of alternative therapies like acupuncture or pet physiotherapists, often promoted on social media channels. They can be beneficial when closely matched with the right patient and condition.

"But, like everything, there's a balance," she says. For example, in addition to conventional treatments like medication for a dog's leg injury, Sparkman would recommend low-impact exercises. "Maybe your pet would also benefit from something like the underwater treadmill or low-impact range-of-motion exercises or acupuncture," she says. These can complement traditional pain management strategies. 

Sparkman advises caution with some alternative therapies: "It's maybe a little less regulated than some other areas of veterinary medicine." Do thorough research to ensure the practitioner's trustworthiness before providing alternative treatments. 

6. Sometimes, your pet just needs space 

Respect a pet’s personal space. Like humans, animals have their own comfort zones and preferences for interaction.  

“Cats, generally speaking, want attention on their own terms.” Pushing a pet too far can lead to defensive behaviours such as scratching or biting as a response to unwanted handling. “A cat is a cat … they will probably turn around and hiss at you or scratch you if they don’t want to be picked up and handled. 

"Our cat, she comes in, she snuggles, she purrs and then she wants to sit next to you, but not on you,” Sparkman says. “She still wants to be in your proximity, but she has a little bubble around her." This can apply to dogs too. 

7. Make sure you're a good match 

Just like every human has a distinct personality, Sparkman says the same applies to breeds of pets.  

"If someone wants to adopt a dog or a cat, make sure that they do their research on the breed’s personality." While all pets may appear adorable at first, living with them daily requires compatibility.  

"(The pet’s) personality should match what you're looking for, same as if you were to choose a partner to spend your life with you,” says Sparkman. “Some people choose based just on looks, but, ultimately, you want a personality, right?"

8. Remember, it’s a responsibility 

It takes commitment to bring an animal into your home. "There is a responsibility with pet ownership, whether you adopt a dog, a cat, or even a smaller pet like a hamster or guinea pig. You are responsible for their well-being."  

Ensure they receive proper medical care, as well as consistent access to food and water, ample exercise and a safe shelter.  

UCalgary education brought a fresh approach  

Sparkman’s model of animal care began to take shape early in her career. When UCVM launched its four-year program in 2008, Sparkman saw a unique chance to partake in a pioneering curriculum that promised a fresh approach to veterinary education. 

Motivated by the prospect of being part of a groundbreaking educational experience, she completed an ecology degree from Bishop's University in Quebec followed by a move to Alberta. UCVM provided the perfect setting for Sparkman to meld her skills with her passion. 

The faculty, particularly in the realm of emergency and critical care, made a profound impact. “All of the professors were amazing,” she remembers, adding that Dr. Soren Boysen, DVM, a professor noted for his expertise in emergency medicine, "made emergency medicine seem not just vital, but also intriguing and constantly evolving." 

A veterinary career unfolds 

Following graduation, Sparkman worked as a substitute veterinarian at a downtown emergency clinic and with the Calgary Humane Society. The roles offered a broad spectrum of experiences, from high-stakes emergency care to more routine shelter medicine, laying a solid foundation. 

Her passion for the field also led her to volunteer with the Alberta Spay and Neuter Task Force, an organization dedicated to combatting pet overpopulation — a pressing issue in veterinary public health. 

“Once you have a degree in Vet Med, you can go into research, rural practice, equine medicine or work with large animals, small animals and public health,” Sparkman explains. “I was excited about trying different things, which is why I enjoyed being a substitute vet for a while.” 

Found her niche 

Her exploration of veterinary roles eventually led Sparkman to a small-animal primary care clinic, and later, a 24-hour emergency veterinary clinic. 

In these dynamic environments, she applies her extensive skills, addressing urgent care needs and complex cases that come through her door at any hour. 

“There's not much that I don't like about my job,” says Sparkman. "No two days are the same; there is always something new happening, which keeps it exciting. There's always a challenge with something new and fun to do."